{"id":121,"date":"2022-12-05T18:08:43","date_gmt":"2022-12-05T18:08:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/safetyengineeringresources.com\/?page_id=121"},"modified":"2025-09-05T17:28:11","modified_gmt":"2025-09-05T17:28:11","slug":"mechanical-and-safety-engineering-machine-guarding-expert-witness-services","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/safetyengineeringresources.com\/index.php\/mechanical-and-safety-engineering-machine-guarding-expert-witness-services\/","title":{"rendered":"Mechanical and Safety Engineering Machine Guarding Expert Witness Services"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n

Machine Guarding<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Mechanical and Safety Engineering has extensive experience with industrial machine guarding accidents with a wide variety of machinery. Guarding accidents can cover a very wide range of products. Guarding accidents occur when a poultry worker bypasses machine safeguards and gets injured, when a saw operator is cut on a spinning blade, when a press operator is crushed by a power press, when a machine operator is caught in an in-running nip point (the place where two opposing rotating mechanisms meet), when a person is cut by a lawnmower blade, when a farmer is injured or killed by agricultural machinery, and a multitude of possible scenarios. \n.<\/p>\n\n


<\/p>

MASE often handles cases involving machine guarding. Industrial machinery often contain large amounts of mechanical energy. This results in high forces that are applied to the part and anything in its path. Inadequate machine guarding will inevitably result in accidents. Machines must be safeguarded so that it is impossible for a machine operator to be exposed to the point of operation of the machine, the place where the mechanical energy is released. MASE personnel have the experience to determine if an industrial accident is due to inadequate safeguarding, safeguard malfunction, or due to tampering with safety interlock devices. <\/p>


<\/p>

Extensive standards specify the requisite measures to ensure protection from mechanical hazards. These industry standards can be used to determine if a machine has the necessary safety features, and whether the machine meets safety standards for the time period during which it was produced. Showing either compliance or violation of these industry standards is typically adequate to show a machine is safe or unreasonably dangerous. <\/p>


<\/p>

MASE has extensive experience developing guarding solutions to industrial machinery. Basic engineering principles can be applied to develop guarding solutions to every type of machine-related hazard. Failure of the manufacturer of a machine to provide adequate safeguarding can cause the manufacturer to be held responsible for injuries and damages by the machine. Employers of machine operators also are required by federal law to provide a safe working environment for their workers – this includes ensuring that machines are adequately guarded. Employers are often blamed and found responsible when the manufacturer of a machine is the party truly responsible for producing a safe product in the first place. Federal law can unfortunately protect manufacturers producing unsafe, faulty machinery. MASE believe that manufacturers are responsible for producing safe products – they have the expertise to fully understand the hazards of the product, and how to eliminate or safeguard those hazards. This said, employers are required by law to ensure that their workers are not exposed to hazards, and should employ safety engineers to ensure that their facilities do not contain unknown hazards that manufacturers have failed to remove or safeguard. <\/p>


<\/p>

MASE provides engineering expert witness analysis, opinions, and testimony for your machine guarding case. Machine guarding accident cases usually involve machines that were produced without necessary guarding, or machines that have had their safeguards removed and\/or bypassed. MASE can quickly and efficiently identify unguarded machine hazards as well as unnecessary machine hazards that could have been eliminated completely at the design stage. If a machine meets industry standards and engineering design protocol, we are happy to defend the safety features of a machine. <\/p>\n

Common machine hazards can include the following:<\/p>\n

Nip Points<\/span><\/h2>\n

A nip point is a hazardous area created\nby two or more mechanical parts rotating in the same plane in close proximity\nto each part, in opposite directions. These are also referred to as in-running\nnip points.  The hazard here is the\npotential to get pulled into the machinery. \nSome nip points are designed to pull material into them in order for a\nmachine to perform some alteration on the material, while some nip points are\nthe result of power transmission and are not specifically designed to pull\nmaterial into the machine.  When an\nobject, piece of clothing, or part of a person\u2019s body contacts the nip point, the\ndrive components will pull the object into the machine, when the forces acting\non the object exceed the forces preventing the object from moving.  The drive components will place resultant\nforces on the object perpendicular from the rotational point of the drive.  For an object to get pulled in, there must be\nsome sort of interference between the object and the drive components.  The turning drive components will exert a\nfrictional force on the object, the magnitude dependent on the interference and\nthe amount of force being transmitted based on the this interference.  The fixed drive components will pull the\nobject into the machine when there is enough rotational friction force to pull\nthe object or person into the machine.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Example of a nip point<\/strong><\/p>\n

Catastrophic injuries often result from\nbeing pulled into an in-running nip point. \nDepending on the distance between the drive components, the nature of\nthe drive components\u2019 surface characteristics, and the amount of force driving\nthe machine, person\u2019s entire body can get pulled into a machine, or it may be\nlimited to a limb.  When a limb is pulled\ninto a nip point, the body of the person may act as a physical barrier that\nprevents the rest of the body from becoming pulled in.  Degloving injuries can occur after the\nperson\u2019s limb is pulled into the nip point. \nWhen the body of the victim stops further entanglement in the hazard,\nthe rotating drive mechanisms may tear the person\u2019s flesh from their body.  While these are gruesome details, it is\nimportant for a machine designer to be aware what can and does occur with\nimproperly guarded machinery.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>

 <\/span><\/p>

\n\n\n\n<\/p>

Examples of nip point hazards can be\nfound on the drive mechanisms of conveyors, gears and pulleys. These mechanisms\nare extremely dangerous as a machine operator can get pulled into the machine,\ncausing potential catastrophic body damage. \nMachine operators have been pulled into nip points when loose clothing\nbecame entangled in the nip point.  Often\nthere are large amounts of force driving the components in nip points, as is\nthe case in the following figure.  Any\naccidental contact with a high power nip point will result in extreme physical\nmutilation or death.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n\n

Example of a nip point<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pinch Points<\/span><\/a><\/o:p><\/span><\/h2>

A pinch point is any location where a\nperson or part of a person\u2019s body can be caught between two or more moving\nmechanical parts.  Examples of pinch\npoints can be found on brake presses, power drills, clamps, closing doors,\nhinges, scissor lift mechanisms, forklifts and anywhere that a crushing hazard\nexists.  The following figure shows a\npress with the pinch point highlighted in black and yellow safety tape.  This pinch point is the point of operation of\nthe machine.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>

Power\nbrake press with pinch point<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

Pinch\npoint accidents may be less catastrophic than nip point injuries because the\nmachine operator is not going to be pulled further into the machine.  Even so, fatal crushing injuries can be\nsustained from powerful machines with pinch point hazards.  Other common injuries from pinch point\nhazards include amputation and broken bones.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>

 <\/span>Manual\nbrake press with pinch point<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Forklift\npowered forks create pinch point hazard<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

It\u2019s\nnot just machinery that can have pinch points. \nDesigners must be aware of pinch points regardless of what the product\nis.  Baby and child products are\nregularly being recalled due to various hazards, including pinch point, entrapment,\nand strangulation hazards.  The Consumer\nProduct Safety Commission developed standards in 1974 for baby cribs.  One of the requirements was the distance\nbetween slats of the crib.  Babies can\nget strangled in between slats that are too far apart.  Even though there are no moving parts\ninvolved \u2013 there was still a pinch point where babies could get killed.  The same can occur with decorative-topped\ncribs and cribs with cutouts in the headboard. <\/span><\/p>

Heavy\nobjects can create pinch points when they are being moved, whether manually or\nwith the assistance of power equipment. \nHeavy boxes, crates, barrels, machinery parts, and raw building material\nare examples of objects that can create pinch points when they are being\ntransported and placed next to a hard surface or another heavy object.  Closing doors also create pinch points.  Powered overhead doors and gates pose the biggest\nhazards.  These types of doors and gates\nare powered closed and have a pinch point between the leading edge of the door\nor gate and the hard surface which the door or gate extends to.  Powered doors and gates normally have sensors\nto prevent crushing injuries if a person is caught in the nip point.  Even manually powered doors and gates create\nthe same pinch point.  Manually powered\ndoors and gates will likely not be closed with the same amount of force that\npowered doors are closed with, although they also will not likely have safety\ndevices to prevent crushing injuries. <\/span><\/p>\n\n

<\/span><\/strong>Powered\noverhead doors create a pinch point between the door and the floor<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Moving\nvehicles have the potential to strike stationary or moving objects.  The operator and passengers of moving\nvehicles must be protected from pinch point and crushing injuries in the event\nof a collision with another object. \nForklifts, ATV\u2019s, UTV\u2019s, golf carts, walk-behind pallet jacks can cause\ncrushing injuries if the operator is not protected.  The author have seen numerous accidents\ninvolving various types of stand-up forklifts where the operators\u2019 legs or feet\nget crushed between the moving lift and a stationary object.  Vehicles without protected operator\ncompartments such as all-terrain vehicles, utility vehicles, golf carts,\nlawnmowers, and tractors may crush the operator if the vehicle overturns.  Vehicles with a higher center of gravity will\nhave the potential to overturn, particularly if the vehicle is traveling over\nuneven terrain.  This is a foreseeable\nscenario that the product designer must safeguard. <\/span><\/p>\n\n

Moving\nvehicles also create pinch point hazards when they make contact with, or come\nnear to a heavy or fixed obect or structure. \nPeople will likely be severely injured if they are caught between a\nmoving vehicle and a stationary object due to the magnitude of forces involved.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shear Points<\/span><\/a><\/o:p><\/span><\/h2>

A shear point is any point where part\nof the operator can be caught between a moving mechanical part and a stationary\npart of the machine that create a cutting motion.  A shear point can also involve two machine\ncomponents or moving parts that move past each other.  Examples of shear point hazards include\nshears, punch presses, and elevators. \nShearing machines are used to cut sheet metal, and involve either\nhydraulic powered cutting strokes, or counterbalanced weights to generate\nenough force to shear the material.  The\nshear hazard exists between the blade of the shearing machine, and the rear\nedge of the work table that the piece rests on. \nPunch presses are used to stamp parts out of sheet metal, and have shear\nhazards where the punch die meets the material. \nElevators and any other powered linear machinery have shear points at\nany point where a solid surface exists that the elevator passes.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

<\/span><\/p>

 <\/span>Shear\nPress with Shear Point Hazard<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

Alligator Shear Used for Recycling<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>

The\nmast of forklifts creates a shear point wherever the lifting platform passes a\nsolid member of the forklift, or when the lifting platform passes a solid\nobject or structure.  People can be\nseriously injured or killed when riding a pallet on the forks of a lift truck\nto be raised or lowered.  These people\nare then exposed to the multitude of pinch and shear points that a forklift\nhas. <\/span><\/p>\n\n

<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>

Forklift\nMasts Have Shear Point Hazard<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>

Shear\npoints don\u2019t always involve machinery. \nOther products can have hidden shear points that are left\nunguarded.  Folding high chairs are an\nexample of a product that can have a shear point.  Folding high chairs that have a scissor type\nmechanism to collapse and expand have sharp points where these scissor\nmechanisms close.  Children have had\nfingers amputated by these mechanisms when a high chair collapses while they\nare holding the legs of the high chair.  Ladders\nand step stools also have scissoring type mechanisms that create shear\npoints.  <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

<\/span><\/p>

Collapsing\nstep stool with shear point<\/o:p><\/span><\/strong><\/p>

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/p>

Shear\npoints can be missed by designers.  The\nauthors worked on a case involving a children\u2019s ATV that had a chain and\nsprocket drive with a metal plate covering the outside of the sprocket.  Children\u2019s legs of a certain length would\nhang right at the level of the sprocket drive with its in-running nip\npoint.  The guard did not restrict access\nto the nip point, and children got pulled into the nip point.  As if this wasn\u2019t bad enough, the thin metal\nguard covering the sprocket acted as a knife blade when the children\u2019s feet\nwere pulled into the sprocket.  This\nresulted in amputated toes.  Designers\nmust constantly assess moving parts, and how those moving parts can interact\nwith other parts of the product to create shear points and other hazards.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

MASE works with a variety of machine guarding cases, including:<\/p>\n

 – Power press accidents<\/p>\n

– Food processing equipment accidents<\/p>\n

– Packaging machinery<\/p>\n

– Labeling machinery<\/p>\n

– Conveyors<\/p>\n

– Lawnmower accidents<\/p>\n

– Wood chipper accidents<\/p>\n

– Tractor rollover accidents<\/p>\n

– Table saw accidents<\/p>\n

– Power tool accidents<\/p>\n

– Metal fabrication machinery<\/p>\n

– Punch press accidents<\/p>\n

– Machine guarding accidents <\/p>\n

– Rubber press accidents<\/p>\n

– Power transmission accidents <\/p>\n

– Rotating shaft accidents<\/p>\n

– Guarding interlock failure related accidents<\/p>\n

– Lumber processing equipment accidents<\/p>\n

– OSHA violations<\/p>\n

– Lockout\/Tagout accidents<\/p>\n

– Alligator shear accident<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

Call us today at (855) 627-6273 or email us at info@mase.pro to discuss machine guarding issues.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Contact MASE today at (855) 627-6273 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":61,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pagelayer_contact_templates":[],"_pagelayer_content":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-121","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nMechanical and Safety Engineering Machine Guarding Expert Witness Services - Mechanical and Safety Engineering Expert Witnesses<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Industrial machinery accidents are often the result of inadequately safeguarded machines that do not meet industry standards.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/safetyengineeringresources.com\/index.php\/mechanical-and-safety-engineering-machine-guarding-expert-witness-services\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mechanical and Safety Engineering Machine Guarding Expert Witness Services - 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